48 articles
Articles
Working notes on importing, exporting and procurement: Incoterms, customs, payments, logistics and selling. Each article lists its official sources.
Guides
Newest first
International sales contract: key clauses and the CISG
What to put in a cross-border sales contract: specification, tolerance, Incoterms, payment, inspection, force majeure, governing law, CISG, disputes.
6 min read
International trade disputes: mediation, arbitration, courts
Disputes with a foreign counterparty: negotiation, mediation, ICC and other arbitration, courts, New York Convention enforcement, evidence.
6 min read
Pre-shipment inspection (PSI) and quality control for importers
When to book a pre-shipment inspection, how AQL sampling under ISO 2859-1 works, what inspectors check and which inspection terms to put in the contract.
6 min read
How to write an RFQ suppliers actually answer (template)
What an RFQ to an overseas supplier needs: specification, quantity, Incoterms and place, delivery window, payment terms, documents. Template included.
6 min read
Landed cost: how to compare import quotes properly
How to calculate landed cost: freight, insurance, duty, import VAT, currency and payment terms, with a hypothetical FCA vs CIP example.
6 min read
Negotiating B2B quotes: what to negotiate beyond price
Negotiating quotes in international trade: rounds and versions, payment terms, delivery, tolerance, Incoterms and a written record of what was agreed.
6 min read
Repeat orders: framework agreements and call-offs
Turning one-off deals into repeat orders: framework agreements, call-offs, consistent quality, term reviews and relationship pricing.
6 min read