48 articles
Articles
Working notes on importing, exporting and procurement: Incoterms, customs, payments, logistics and selling. Each article lists its official sources.
Payments
Newest first
Letter of credit for importers and exporters, step by step
How a documentary letter of credit works: the flow, the types, the UCP 600 rules, discrepancies, costs and when a collection is enough.
9 min read
Currency risk in import and export: how to manage it
Invoicing currency, forward contracts, natural hedging and currency clauses. How importers and exporters protect their margin from rate moves.
5 min read
Export factoring: recourse vs non-recourse and costs
How export factoring works, recourse vs non-recourse, what the cost consists of, and when credit insurance or a letter of credit fits better.
5 min read
Trade credit insurance for exporters: how it works
How export credit insurance works: buyer credit limits, commercial and political risk, private insurers and export credit agencies such as KUKE, your duties.
5 min read
B2B trade fraud: warning signs and verification steps
Changed bank details, too-good prices, fake companies and forged documents: how to spot fraud in international trade and what to check before paying.
6 min read
Payment terms in international trade: T/T, collections, L/C
Prepayment, T/T, open account, documentary collection and letters of credit under UCP 600: how each works and the risk it puts on buyer and seller.
6 min read